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What did the Emigrants need to take?

One of the main problems faced by all the emigrants heading west was determining which supplies to bring and how much of them to bring to successfully get them to their destination. This problem was made more difficult because of the small space provided by the wagons, and later, it was worse because of the even smaller space provided by the handcarts. Guidebooks frequently described the supplies needed for the journey. In the fall of 1845, the Nauvoo Neighbor published a Bill of Particulars which listed items that the Mormons should bring with them. It was based on a family of five in a wagon.

Below are examples of the items recommended. Can you separate them into the appropriate categories?

  • 1 good strong wagon, well covered with a light box
  • 2 or 3 yoke of oxen between the age of 4 and 10 years
  • 2 or more milch (milk) cows
  • 1 or more beeves (beef cattle)
  • 3 sheep
  • 1000 lbs of flour or bread stuffs in good sacks
  • 1 good musket or rifle for each male over 12
  • 1 lb powder
  • 4 lbs lead
  • 1 lb tea
  • 5 lbs coffee
  • 100 lbs sugar
  • 1/2 lb Cayenne Pepper
  • 2 lbs Black Pepper
  • 1/2 lb Mustard
  • 10 lbs rice
  • 1 lb Cinnamon
  • 1/2 lb Cloves
  • 1 dozen Nutmegs
  • 25 lbs Salt
  • 5 lbs Saleratus
  • 10 lbs dried apples
 
  • 1/2 bushel Beans
  • A few lbs of dried Beef or Bacon
  • 5 lbs dried Peaches
  • 20 lbs dried Pumpkins
  • 25 lbs Seed Grain
  • 1 gal. Alcohol
  • 20 lbs of Soap
  • 4 or 5 fish hooks and lines
  • 15 lbs. Iron or Steel
  • A few lbs. of wrought nails
  • One or more sets of saw or grist mill Irons
  • 2 sets of Pully Blocks and ropes to each co'y for crossing rivers
  • 1 good Seine and hook for each company
  • From 25 to 100 lbs of Farming and mechanical tools
  • Cooking utensils to consist of a bake kettle, frying pan, coffee pot, and tea kettle
  • Tin cups, plates, knives, forks, spoons, and pans as few as will do
  • A good tent and furniture to each 2 families
  • Clothing and bedding to each family not to exceed 500 pounds
  • Ten extra teams for each company

Organize all the items into these categories:

Foods/Cooking Items

Tools/Equipment/Animals

Clothing/Personal Items

Company Items

 

Brainbuster! Look up the items you are not familiar with. Then find a guidebook that also has a list of items to bring. Compare and contrasts the lists. How can you account for any differences?


This activity is taken from Finding the Right Place: The Story of the Mormon Trail by William E. Hill, Hill House Publishing. www.hillhousew.com These activity books are sold at Prairie Treasures, Stuhr Museum's gift shop.


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